With the pervasive violations of human rights, including mass atrocities, which happened during the authoritarian New Order administration, the literature on human rights in Indonesia has often been highly critical of the regimes’ human rights record. Indonesia’s regime change in 1998 brought in a more optimistic outlook; successive regimes have shown a stronger commitment to respecting human rights. However, the government still faces challenges in protecting such rights, and in acknowledgement and resolving past gross human rights violations.

Voluntary supply chain regulation has proliferated in recent decades in response to concerns about the social and environmental impacts of global production and trade.

Terorisme siber muncul sebagai akibat dari arus globalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi. Tindakan terorisme yang  dulunya terbatas dalam realitas fisik kini semakin dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan realitas siber sebagai sarana merekrut, membina, dan menyerang sasaran utama aksi teror untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu.