Inter-firm cooperation has been a long-established practice within the modern world of business. This paper, therefore, aims at examining this fact by tracking the dynamics of inter-firm cooperation in the past three centuries.

The election is very much associated with democracy. As Indonesia is constitutionally democratic the country is also committed to holding the election regularly. However, as Indonesia is a unitary state, identifying local elections with democratization might be questionable.

Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has shattered many aspects of human life worldwide. Many believed China was the origin of the coronavirus that sparked the pandemic.