Although global trends indicate that interstate wars have declined in recent decades, other forms of violence—such as civil wars, terrorism, communal violence, and humanitarian interventions—have increased in number, intensity, issues, and geographic location. This course is designed to understand the current manifestations of political violence amidst increasingly complex global political

There is barely any region in this world that is home to only one ethnic group. In other words, each ethnic group needs to share with (an)other ethnic groups some territories, resources, citizenship, government, etc. Although media coverage may suggest the opposite, some research showed that interethnic cooperation is more

Corruption is one of the most serious problems, undermining the fundamental foundations of political, economic, and socio-cultural systems in almost all countries. It also threatens the sustainability and progress of development. Corruption takes various forms, from so-called petty corruption, often encountered in everyday life, to bureaucratic corruption, to corruption within